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111.
We propose an information-structure-analysis (ISA) method to quantify the correlations between quantitative and qualitative variables as well as within each type of variable. This method is applied to the evaluation of mineral resources in the western Zheijiang Province of China. The district contains a number of silver-bearing Fe–Cu–Pb–Zn mineral deposits near igneous complexes and FeCuPbZn zones away from the complexes. Silver anomalies occur not only in the known Fe–Cu–Zn–Pb deposits, but also in the country rock, suggesting the possible existence of silver deposits far from the igneous complexes.The tonnage distribution of silver is modeled by Monte Carlo simulation. This simulation is conducted on the basis of the correlations between silver (Ag) and lead (Pb), since no known data on silver is available. The known tonnage distribution of lead in 11 control cells was used to approximate the tonnage distribution of silver in the Monte Carlo simulation. With ISA and Monte Carlo methods, the total amount of potential polymetallic resources in 49 cells in the western Zhejiang Provice is predicted. Significantly, a deposit with about 24 tonnes of silver has been found within our exploration target area. 相似文献
112.
首都减灾圈,系首都减轻自然灾害预测防治圈。1991年12月20—21日在北京召开了《首都圈自然灾害及其减灾对策研讨会》。本文根据这次会议所提供的材料,在从整体上实现减灾的思想指导下,就首都减灾圈的“成灾背景”、“首都减灾圈的组成”、“首都减灾圈的灾害预测与防治状况”、“首都减灾圈的灾害关联性分析”、“首都减灾圈的减灾实效预估”和“首都减灾圈的减灾对策与实施”等六个带有共同性的问题,进行了讨论。供制定首都圈减灾方案时参考。 相似文献
113.
Josef Vesely Heather Almquist-Jacobson Lisa M. Miller Stephen A. Norton Peter Appleby Aruna S. Dixit John P. Smol 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1993,8(3):211-231
This multi-disciplinary investigation documents the longterm effects of atmospheric pollution of metals and acids on a geologically sensitive catchment in the umava Mountains, southwestern Czech Republic, a region with a long history of human disturbance. A 30 cm long sediment core (I) from ertovo Lake was analyzed for natural and artifical radionuclides, metals, diatoms, chrysophytes, and pollen in sediments accumulated during the last 200 years. A second core (II), extending to 95 cm, included sediment judged to be free of atmospheric deposition of pollutants associated with the Industrial Revolution. Chronostratigraphic markers include several changes in the pollen assemblages corresponding to well-documented changes in land-use, and distinct distributions of 137Cs, 134Cs and 241Am from weapons testing and the 1986 nuclear accident at Chernobyl, Russia. These markers corroborate the 210Pb dating and, together, produce a reliable chronology extending back nearly to 1800 A.D.Stratigraphic profiles of Cu, Pb, and Zn in Core I are unlike any previously reported in the literature. Concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn remain generally above 100, 400, and 200 g g-1, respectively, for the 200 years represented by Core I. These values are unusually high for sediments from a watershed with no known heavy-metal ore bodies. Accumulation rates for Cu, Pb, and Zn, which include both atmospheric and watershed contributions, are also high (ca 1, > 1 and > 1 g cm-2 yr-1, respectively) for the same period, although the anthropogenic contribution of Zn rose from nearly zero at 1800 A.D. The Cu and Pb accumulation rates rose dramatically about 1640 A.D.Accumulation rates of anthropogenically-derived Be, a relatively abundant element in the soft coals of the region, are also elevated by about 0.01 g cm-2 yr-1 in sediments of this period. Vanadium accumulation rates increased only since 1980 A.D., presumably along with increased consumption of oil.Diatom assemblages illustrate that the lake was acidic (pH between 4.5 and 5) through at least the past 200 years. The pH declined significantly (from ca 5 to 4) between 1960 and 1985 with a slight increase to 4.5 in the last few years. Recent diatom and chrysophyte assemblages suggest high trace metal concentrations, consistent with the present lake-water chemistry. 相似文献
114.
We report on an objective methodology, referred to as intrinsic sample methodology, for the delineation of exploration target areas or resource areas for assessment. Important features of the methodology include (1) identification of recognition criteria for critical genetic factors, (2) synthesis of new variables from enhanced geodata, (3) estimation of logit probability models, and (4) cutting of estimated logit probabilities to delineate exploration targets or resource areas. The methodology is demonstrated on the Walker Lake quadrangle of Nevada and California. 相似文献
115.
The deposit size frequency (DSF) method has been developed as a generalization of the method that was used in the National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) program to estimate the uranium endowment of the United States. The DSF method overcomes difficulties encountered during the NURE program when geologists were asked to provide subjective estimates of (1) the endowed fraction of an area judged favorable (factorF) for the occurrence of undiscovered uranium deposits and (2) the tons of endowed rock per unit area (factorT) within the endowed fraction of the favorable area. Because the magnitudes of factorsF andT were unfamiliar to nearly all of the geologists, most geologists responded by estimating the number of undiscovered deposits likely to occur within the favorable area and the average size of these deposits. The DSF method combines factorsF andT into a single factor (F·T) that represents the tons of endowed rock per unit area of the undiscovered deposits within the favorable area. FactorF·T, provided by the geologist, is the estimated number of undiscovered deposits per unit area in each of a number of specified deposit-size classes. The number of deposit-size classes and the size interval of each class are based on the data collected from the deposits in known (control) areas. The DSF method affords greater latitude in making subjective estimates than the NURE method and emphasizes more of the everyday experience of exploration geologists. Using the DSF method, new assessments have been made for the young, organic-rich surficial uranium deposits in Washington and idaho and for the solution-collapse breccia pipe uranium deposits in the Grand Canyon region in Arizona and adjacent Utah. 相似文献
116.
基于辽宁地区主要活动断裂的几何特征和空间展布,对1980年以来辽宁地区ML≥2.0地震的累计频次和1900年以来Ms≥5.0地震的年发生率的空间分布及其与活动断裂构造背景关系进行研究,获得了基于地震学的辽宁省内主要断裂和构造区(带)的活动性与地震危险性的初步评估结果。辽宁地区主要断裂活动性较高的有海城河断裂、金州断裂九寨—盖州北段、朝阳—北票断裂等;辽宁地区未来3年发生Ms≥5.0地震危险性较高的断裂依次有海城河断裂、金州断裂、熊岳—庄河断裂、鸭绿江断裂及赤峰—开原断裂与柳河断裂交汇处等。在判定区域地震危险性和城市地震风险时,除了依据前兆异常的空间分布,还应充分考虑区内主要构造(断裂)的活动性与地震危险性。 相似文献
117.
地下连续墙治理地下水污染 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
介绍一种治理已被严重污染的地下水的方法。即修建一道底部深入到不透水岩层的地下墙,把污染物封闭在由底部不透水岩层和周围地下防渗墙组成的“地下盆”中,降低周围地下水中有害物质的浓度,然后再治理封闭圈内的污染物,以达到彻底根治地下水污染的目的。 相似文献
118.
Environmental geology problems in the Tyrrhenian coastal area of Santa Marinella, province of Rome, central Italy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
U. Chiocchini G. Gisotti A. Macioce F. Manna A. Bolasco C. Lucarini G. M. Patrizi 《Environmental Geology》1997,32(1):1-8
The Tyrrhenian resort of S. Marinella (central Italy) is subjected to significant anthropogenic pressures during the summer
vacation period, a common situation all along the Italian coast. Located 65 km NW of Rome on the southern slopes of the Tolfa
Mountains, S. Marinella is built on a gently sloping, E–W trending belt which is cut by 14 N–S oriented ephemeral streams
that discharge into the Tyrrhenian Sea. The low to medium permeability turbiditic sandstones which outcrop along this belt
belong to the Late Cretaceous Pietraforte unit. Three environmental problems are addressed in this study. The first problem
is related to the high water supply demand during the summer months which has forced local residents to dig a large number
of wells. Extensive pumping from these wells has caused salt-water intrusion into the Pietraforte, thus compromising the domestic
use of the groundwater. The second problem consists of the illegal dumping of urban solid waste, material that represents
a hazard during significant rain events as well as a possible cause of groundwater contamination. The final issue addressed
concerns the flooding potential of the 14 ephemeral streams that cross the inhabited area of S. Marinella, a risk which is
highlighted by the disastrous flood which occurred on 2 October 1981 and during the period of the Roman Emperor Settimio Severo
(205 A.D.). Some suggestions are proposed to mitigate and contain the effects of these problems.
Received: 7 November 1995 / Accepted: 5 December 1996 相似文献
119.
新疆第三次荒漠化监测中的问题及其建议 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
回顾了新疆3次在荒漠化监测中所进行的荒漠化监测与评价指标体系的建立,也是新疆开展荒漠化监测的基础;介绍了以遥感与地理信息为主要技术的荒漠化监测评价的方法;阐述了新疆第三次荒漠化监测中存在的问题。指出目前新疆荒漠化评价存在的主要问题是评价指标的不确定性、评价指标体系的难操作性和遥感数据源选用的随机性,进而对上述问题的解决途径进行了讨论。 相似文献
120.
采用SPSS软件,对2003年01月至2004年12月期间,倒天河水库和利民水库逐月水质监测数据进行数理统计分析,结果表明毕节市饮用水水质污染有较明显的季节变化和空间差异;且不同污染物对水体污染的贡献率各不相同,总磷和粪大肠菌群所占份额最大,方差累积贡献率达77%。在此基础上,利用加权综合污染指数对水体水质污染现状进行综合评价,结果显示倒天河水库和利民水库,水质污染总体较轻.饮用水水质符合《地表水环境质量标准(GB3838—2002)》中Ⅲ类水质标准;最后提出加大水环境保护的建议。 相似文献